T-reX: waste and material footprinting in LCA

Formerly known as "WasteAndMaterialFootprint"

T stands for tool and reX for the circular economy strategies reduce, reuse, recycle, etc.

A python program for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) calculations of supply chain waste and material footprints in current and prospective databases.

Built as an extension to the brightway LCA ecosystem, using premise for the generation of future scenario databases and wurst for database expansion.

Soon to be a paper, hopefully. The manuscript has its own github repo here. Reviews and comments are very welcome.

Email: T-reX@scmcd.ch

Documentation

The documentation is available as a website. Also, as a pdf.

The documentation is still under development, but the code is well commented and there is a full API reference.

The following readme provides a brief introduction to the program, how to install it, and how to use it.

See the example output here

Contents

• T-reX: waste and material footprinting in LCA
  • Documentation
  • Contents
  • Visual overview
    • Generalised and computational flowcharts
  • Installation
    • Dependencies
    • Installation instructions
  • Usage
    • Command line
    • Python module
  • Configuration
    • General settings: user_settings.py
    • Waste search settings: queries_waste.py
      • Adjusting Search Terms
        • Category-Specific Changes
        • Optimising Search Efficiency
      • Validating Search Terms
    • Material Search Settings: queries_materials.py
      • Structure and Customisation
        • Tuple Structure
        • Customisation Options
      • Usage Considerations
        • Example Tuples
    • Examples
    • Contributing
    • License
    • Citation

Visual overview

Generalised and computational flowcharts

Installation

Dependencies

The program is written in Python and the required packages are listed in the requirements.txt file. These should be installed automatically when installing the program.

The main dependencies are:

• brightway2 components: bw2io, bw2data, bw2calc
• premise
• wurst

Installation instructions

It is recommended to use a fresh virtual environment to install the program.

For example:

python -m venv T-reX
source T-reX/bin/activate

You can then clone the repo with the command:

git clone https://github.com/Stew-McD/T-reX.git

The easiest way is to install the program as an editable package. This will install the program and all of the dependencies, and allow you to easily edit the code and the configuration and run it without having to reinstall it.

cd T-reX
pip install -e .

and then run:

cd T-reX
python src/T-reX/main.py

If you only clone or download the repo without installing it, this will not install any of the dependencies, so you will need to install them manually if you don't already have them.

You can do that with this command:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Another option: the program can be installed using pip:

pip install T_reX_LCA

Or, if you want to install the latest version from GitHub:

pip install git+https://github.com/Stew-McD/T-reX.git

or for an editable install from GitHub:

git clone https://github.com/Stew-McD/T-reX.git
cd T-reX
pip install -e .

Usage

The program can be used directly from the command line, or imported as a Python module. This will run the program with the default settings.

Command line

You should clone the repo, navigate to the T-reX folder, and then run the program using:

    python src/T-reX/main.py

Python module

The program can be imported as a Python module:

    import T_reX_LCA as TreX
    TreX.run()

Configuration

You can find the configuration files in the config folder (src/T-reX/config). Or if you install it with pip, you can find the config folder in the site-packages/T-reX/config folder of your Python venv installation.

If you have installed via pip, or want to have things separate, you can create a new folder somewhere and then run some built-in functions to create and reload the config files.

    import T_reX_LCA as TreX
    TreX.create_config()

This will create a folder config in the current working directory containing the default configuration files (see below).

You can then edit these files with some kind of text editor, and run:

    TreX.reload_config()

Note that you will need to close the Python session and start a new one to reload the config files.

If you want to revert to the default config files, you can run:

    TreX.reset_config()

And then close and restart the Python session.

If you are running the program as an editable package, you can edit the config files directly in the src/T-reX/config folder.

Details of the configuration files are given below.

General settings: user_settings.py

This is the main configuration file, the one that you might want to edit to match your project structure and your needs. By default, the program will take a brightway2 project named default and copy that to a new project named SSP-cutoff, which is then copied to a new project named T_reXootprint-SSP-cutoff.

Doing it this way isolates the components and allows you to keep your original brightway2 project as it was. If space is an issue, you can set all of the project names to be the same.

If you are happy with the default settings, you can just run the program and it will create the databases for you. If you want to change the settings, you can edit the user_settings.py file that you can find in the config directory of your working directory.

These are some extracts from user_settings.py with the most important settings (the ones you might want to change) and their default values:

    # Choose whether to use premise to create future scenario databases 
    use_premise = True
    # Choose whether to use T-reX to edit the databases (you could also turn this off and just use the package as an easy way to make a set of future scenario databases)
    use_T_reX = True

    # Choose the names of the projects to use
    project_premise_base = "default"
    project_premise = "SSP-cutoff"
    project_base = project_premise
    project_T_reX = f"T-reX-{project_base}"

    # Choose the name of the database to use (needed for premise only, the T-reX tool will run all databases except the biospheres)
    database_name = "ecoinvent-3.9.1-cutoff"

    # if you want to use a fresh project
    delete_existing_premise_project = False
    delete_existing_T_reX_project = False

    # Choose the premise scenarios to generate (see FutureScenarios.py for more details)
    # Not all combinations are available, the code in FutureScenarios.py will filter out the scenarios that are not possible
    # the default is to have an optimistic and a pessimistic scenario with SSP2 for 2030, 2065 and 2100

    models = ["remind"]
    ssps = ["SSP2"]
    rcps = ["Base","PkBudg500"]
    years = [2030,2065,2100,]

Waste search settings: queries_waste.py

This file sets up search parameters for different waste and material flow categories, crucial for the SearchWaste.py script. It leverages a .pickle file created by ExplodeDatabase.py.

• Categories: Handles various categories like digestion, composting, incineration, recycling, landfill, etc.
• Query Types: Two sets of queries are created:
  1. queries_kg for waste flows in kilograms.
  2. queries_m3 for waste flows in cubic meters.

Adjusting Search Terms

• Search Keywords: Tweak the AND, OR, NOT lists to refine your search.

Category-Specific Changes

• Adding Categories: You can add new categories to the names list.
• Modifying Queries: Update the query parameters for each category based on your requirements.

Optimising Search Efficiency

You can choose to include or exclude whatever you want. For instance, "non-hazardous" is not included as it's derivable from other categories and slows down the process.

Validating Search Terms

Isolate the function of SearchWaste.py to validate your search terms. That means, turning off the other functions in `user_settings.py, or running the module directly

You can achieve this by setting the following in user_settings.py:

    use_premise = False
    do_search = True
    do_methods = False
    do_edit = False

Material Search Settings: queries_materials.py

The queries_materials module creates demand methods in the T-reX tool. It aligns with the EU CRM list 2023 and the ecoinvent database, incorporating additional strategic materials for comprehensive analysis. More can be easily added, as wished by the user.

This function uses the string tests startswith in SearchMaterial.py to identify activities beginning with the specified material name. This allows one to be more specific with the search terms (the , can be critical sometimes).

Structure and Customisation

Tuple Structure

• First Part (Activity Name): Specifies the exact activity in the database (e.g., market for chromium).
• Second Part (Material Category): Aggregates related activities under a common category (e.g., chromium), enhancing data processing efficiency.

Customisation Options

• Add or Remove Materials: Adapt the tuple list by including new materials or removing irrelevant ones.
• Refine Search Terms: Update material categories for a better fit with your database, ensuring precision in naming, especially with the use of commas.

Use the same logic as in queries_waste.py to test and refine your search terms. That is, only use_search = True

Usage Considerations

• Material Quantity: The current list comprises over 40 materials. Modify this count to suit your project's scope.
• Database Alignment: Check that the material names correspond with your specific database version, like ecoinvent v3.9.1.

Example Tuples

• ("market for chromium", "chromium")
• ("market for coal", "coal")
• ("market for cobalt", "cobalt")
• ("market for coke", "coke")
• ("market for copper", "copper")
• ("market for tap water", "water")
• ("market for water,", "water")

Examples

The examples folder contains some example scripts that show how to use the program and the kind of results you can get.

There is a basic case study about batteries in there.

Contributing

Contributions are very welcome! Test the code, report bugs, suggest features, etc. If you want to contribute code, please fork the repo and make a pull request.

See the CONTRIBUTING.md file for more details.

License

T-reX by Stewart Charles McDowall is marked with CC0 1.0 Universal, do whatever you want with it. - see the LICENSE file for details

Citation

If you use this code, please cite it as described in the CITATION.cff file (see the sidebar on the right).

When the paper is published, a citation for that will be added to the CITATION file.