Sort lists naturally
Project description
Natural sorting for python.
Source Code: https://github.com/SethMMorton/natsort
Downloads: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/natsort
Documentation: http://pythonhosted.org//natsort/
Quick Description
When you try to sort a list of strings that contain numbers, the normal python sort algorithm sorts lexicographically, so you might not get the results that you expect:
>>> a = ['a2', 'a9', 'a1', 'a4', 'a10']
>>> sorted(a)
['a1', 'a10', 'a2', 'a4', 'a9']Notice that it has the order (‘1’, ‘10’, ‘2’) - this is because the list is being sorted in lexicographical order, which sorts numbers like you would letters (i.e. ‘b’, ‘ba’, ‘c’).
natsort provides a function natsorted that helps sort lists “naturally”, either as real numbers (i.e. signed/unsigned floats or ints), or as versions. Using natsorted is simple:
>>> from natsort import natsorted
>>> a = ['a2', 'a9', 'a1', 'a4', 'a10']
>>> natsorted(a)
['a1', 'a2', 'a4', 'a9', 'a10']natsorted identifies real numbers anywhere in a string and sorts them naturally.
Sorting version numbers is just as easy with the versorted function:
>>> from natsort import versorted
>>> a = ['version-1.9', 'version-2.0', 'version-1.11', 'version-1.10']
>>> versorted(a)
['version-1.9', 'version-1.10', 'version-1.11', 'version-2.0']
>>> natsorted(a) # natsorted tries to sort as signed floats, so it won't work
['version-2.0', 'version-1.9', 'version-1.11', 'version-1.10']You can also perform locale-aware sorting (or “human sorting”), where the non-numeric characters are ordered based on their meaning, not on their ordinal value; this can be achieved with the humansorted function:
>>> a = ['Apple', 'Banana', 'apple', 'banana']
>>> natsorted(a)
['Apple', 'Banana', 'apple', 'banana']
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'en_US.UTF-8')
'en_US.UTF-8'
>>> from natsort import humansorted
>>> humansorted(a)
['apple', 'Apple', 'banana', 'Banana']You may find you need to explicitly set the locale to get this to work (as shown in the example). Please see the following caveat and the “Optional Dependencies” section below before using the humansorted function.
You can mix and match int, float, and str (or unicode) types when you sort:
>>> a = ['4.5', 6, 2.0, '5', 'a']
>>> natsorted(a)
[2.0, '4.5', '5', 6, 'a']
>>> # On Python 2, sorted(a) would return [2.0, 6, '4.5', '5', 'a']
>>> # On Python 3, sorted(a) would raise an "unorderable types" TypeErrorThe natsort algorithm does other fancy things like
recursively descend into lists of lists
control the case-sensitivity
sort file paths correctly
allow custom sorting keys
exposes a natsort_key generator to pass to list.sort
Please see the package documentation for more details, including examples and recipes.
Shell script
natsort comes with a shell script called natsort, or can also be called from the command line with python -m natsort. The command line script is only installed onto your PATH if you don’t install via a wheel.
Requirements
natsort requires python version 2.6 or greater (this includes python 3.x). To run version 2.6, 3.0, or 3.1 the argparse module is required.
Optional Dependencies
fastnumbers
The most efficient sorting can occur if you install the fastnumbers package (it helps with the string to number conversions.) natsort will still run (efficiently) without the package, but if you need to squeeze out that extra juice it is recommended you include this as a dependency. natsort will not require (or check) that fastnumbers is installed at installation.
PyICU
On some systems, Python’s locale library can be buggy (I have found this to be the case on Mac OS X), so natsort will use PyICU under the hood if it is installed on your computer; this will give more reliable results. natsort will not require (or check) that PyICU is installed at installation.
Deprecation Notices
In natsort version 4.0.0, the number_type, signed, exp, as_path, and py3_safe options will be removed from the (documented) API, in favor of the alg option and ns enum. They will remain as keyword-only arguments after that (for the foreseeable future).
In natsort version 4.0.0, the natsort_key function will be removed from the public API. All future development should use natsort_keygen in preparation for this.
In natsort version 3.1.0, the shell script changed how it interpreted input; previously, all input was assumed to be a filepath, but as of 3.1.0 input is just treated as a string. For most cases the results are the same.
As of natsort version 3.4.0, a --path option has been added to force the shell script to interpret the input as filepaths.
History
These are the last three entries of the changelog. See the package documentation for the complete changelog.
01-13-2015 v. 3.5.2
Enhancement that will convert a ‘pathlib.Path’ object to a ‘str’ if ‘ns.PATH’ is enabled.
09-25-2014 v. 3.5.1
Fixed bug that caused list/tuples to fail when using ‘ns.LOWECASEFIRST’ or ‘ns.IGNORECASE’.
Refactored modules so that only the public API was in natsort.py and ns_enum.py.
Refactored all import statements to be absolute, not relative.
09-02-2014 v. 3.5.0
Added the ‘alg’ argument to the ‘natsort’ functions. This argument accepts an enum that is used to indicate the options the user wishes to use. The ‘number_type’, ‘signed’, ‘exp’, ‘as_path’, and ‘py3_safe’ options are being deprecated and will become (undocumented) keyword-only options in natsort version 4.0.0.
The user can now modify how ‘natsort’ handles the case of non-numeric characters.
The user can now instruct ‘natsort’ to use locale-aware sorting, which allows ‘natsort’ to perform true “human sorting”.
The humansorted convenience function has been included to make this easier.
Updated shell script with locale functionality.
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