sphinx-js 3.2.2

Why

When you write a JavaScript library, how do you explain it to people? If it’s a small project in a domain your users are familiar with, JSDoc’s alphabetical list of routines might suffice. But in a larger project, it is useful to intersperse prose with your API docs without having to copy and paste things.

sphinx-js lets you use the industry-leading Sphinx documentation tool with JS projects. It provides a handful of directives, patterned after the Python-centric autodoc ones, for pulling JSDoc-formatted documentation into reStructuredText pages. And, because you can keep using JSDoc in your code, you remain compatible with the rest of your JS tooling, like Google’s Closure Compiler.

sphinx-js also works with TypeScript, using the TypeDoc tool in place of JSDoc and emitting all the type information you would expect.

Setup

1. Install JSDoc (or TypeDoc if you’re writing TypeScript). The tool must be on your $PATH, so you might want to install it globally:

   npm install -g jsdoc

   …or…

   npm install -g typedoc

   JSDoc 3.6.3 and 4.0.0 and TypeDoc 0.15.0 are known to work.

2. Install sphinx-js, which will pull in Sphinx itself as a dependency:

   pip install sphinx-js

3. Make a documentation folder in your project by running sphinx-quickstart and answering its questions:

   cd my-project
   sphinx-quickstart
   
     Please enter values for the following settings (just press Enter to
     accept a default value, if one is given in brackets).
   
     Selected root path: .
   
     You have two options for placing the build directory for Sphinx output.
     Either, you use a directory "_build" within the root path, or you separate
     "source" and "build" directories within the root path.
     > Separate source and build directories (y/n) [n]:
   
     The project name will occur in several places in the built documentation.
     > Project name: My Project
     > Author name(s): Fred Fredson
     > Project release []: 1.0
   
     If the documents are to be written in a language other than English,
     you can select a language here by its language code. Sphinx will then
     translate text that it generates into that language.
   
     For a list of supported codes, see
     https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/configuration.html#confval-language.
     > Project language [en]:

4. In the generated Sphinx conf.py file, turn on sphinx_js by adding it to extensions:

   extensions = ['sphinx_js']

5. If you want to document TypeScript, add js_language = 'typescript' to conf.py as well.

6. If your JS source code is anywhere but at the root of your project, add js_source_path = '../somewhere/else' on a line by itself in conf.py. The root of your JS source tree should be where that setting points, relative to the conf.py file. (The default, ../, works well when there is a docs folder at the root of your project and your source code lives directly inside the root.)

7. If you have special JSDoc or TypeDoc configuration, add jsdoc_config_path = '../conf.json' (for example) to conf.py as well.

8. If you’re documenting only JS or TS and no other languages (like C), you can set your “primary domain” to JS in conf.py:

   primary_domain = 'js'

   (The domain is js even if you’re writing TypeScript.) Then you can omit all the “js:” prefixes in the directives below.

Use

In short, in a Sphinx project, use the following directives to pull in your JSDoc documentation, then tell Sphinx to render it all by running make html in your docs directory. If you have never used Sphinx or written reStructuredText before, here is where we left off in its tutorial. For a quick start, just add things to index.rst until you prove things are working.

/**
 * Return the ratio of the inline text length of the links in an element to
 * the inline text length of the entire element.
 *
 * @param {Node} node - Types or not: either works.
 * @throws {PartyError|Hearty} Multiple types work fine.
 * @returns {Number} Types and descriptions are both supported.
 */
function linkDensity(node) {
    const length = node.flavors.get('paragraphish').inlineLength;
    const lengthWithoutLinks = inlineTextLength(node.element,
                                                element => element.tagName !== 'A');
    return (length - lengthWithoutLinks) / length;
}

.. js:autofunction:: someFunction

.. js:autofunction:: someFunction(foo, bar[, baz])

/**
 * Export an image from the given canvas and save it to the disk.
 *
 * @param {Object} options Output options
 * @param {string} options.format The output format (``jpeg``,  ``png``, or
 *     ``webp``)
 * @param {number} options.quality The output quality when format is
 *     ``jpeg`` or ``webp`` (from ``0.00`` to ``1.00``)
 */
function saveCanvas({ format, quality }) {
    // ...
}

/**
 * You must declare the params, even if you have nothing else to say, so
 * JSDoc will extract the default values.
 *
 * @param [num]
 * @param [str]
 * @param [bool]
 * @param [nil]
 */
function defaultsDocumentedInCode(num=5, str="true", bool=true, nil=null) {}

/**
 * JSDoc guesses types for things like "42". If you have a string-typed
 * default value that looks like a number or boolean, you'll need to
 * specify its type explicitly. Conversely, if you have a more complex
 * value like an arrow function, specify a non-string type on it so it
 * isn't interpreted as a string. Finally, if you have a disjoint type like
 * {string|Array} specify string first if you want your default to be
 * interpreted as a string.
 *
 * @param {function} [func=() => 5]
 * @param [str=some string]
 * @param {string} [strNum=42]
 * @param {string|Array} [strBool=true]
 * @param [num=5]
 * @param [nil=null]
 */
function defaultsDocumentedInDoclet(func, strNum, strBool, num, nil) {}

.. js:autofunction:: someFunction

    Here are some things that will appear...

    * Below
    * The
    * Extracted
    * Docs

    Enjoy!

.. js:autofunction:: someClass#someFunction
   :short-name:

.. js:autoclass:: SomeEs6Class(constructor, args, if, you[, wish])
   :members:

.. js:autoclass:: SomeEs6Class
   :members:
   :private-members:

.. js:autoclass:: SomeEs6Class
   :members:
   :exclude-members: Foo, bar, baz

.. js:autoclass:: SomeEs6Class
   :members: Qux, qum

.. js:autoclass:: SomeEs6Class
   :members: importMethod, *, uncommonlyUsedMethod

.. js:autoclass:: SomeEs6Class

   .. js:autofunction:: SomeEs6Class#someMethod

   Additional content can go here and appears below the in-code comments,
   allowing you to intersperse long prose passages and examples that you
   don't want in your code.

class Fnode {
    constructor(element) {
        /**
         * The raw DOM element this wrapper describes
         */
        this.element = element;
    }
}

.. autoclass:: Fnode

   .. autoattribute:: Fnode#element

class Bing {
    /** The bong of the bing */
    get bong() {
        return this._bong;
    }

    set bong(newBong) {
        this._bong = newBong * 2;
    }
}

.. autoattribute:: Bing#bong

.. js:autofunction:: ./some/dir/some/file.SomeClass#someInstanceMethod.staticMethod~innerMember

innerMember
staticMethod~innerMember
SomeClass#someInstanceMethod.staticMethod~innerMember
some/file.SomeClass#someInstanceMethod.staticMethod~innerMember

.. js:autoclass:: someFile.SomeClass

Example

A good example using most of sphinx-js’s functionality is the Fathom documentation. A particularly juicy page is https://mozilla.github.io/fathom/ruleset.html. Click the “View page source” link to see the raw directives.

ReadTheDocs is the canonical hosting platform for Sphinx docs and now supports sphinx-js as an opt-in beta. Put this in the .readthedocs.yml file at the root of your repo:

requirements_file: docs/requirements.txt
build:
  image: latest

Then put the version of sphinx-js you want in docs/requirements.txt. For example…

sphinx-js==3.1.2

Or, if you prefer, the Fathom repo carries a Travis CI configuration and a deployment script for building docs with sphinx-js and publishing them to GitHub Pages. Feel free to borrow them.

Caveats

• We don’t understand the inline JSDoc constructs like {@link foo}; you have to use Sphinx-style equivalents for now, like :js:func:`foo` (or simply :func:`foo` if you have set primary_domain = 'js' in conf.py.

• So far, we understand and convert the JSDoc block tags @param, @returns, @throws, @example (without the optional <caption>), @deprecated, @see, and their synonyms. Other ones will go poof into the ether.

Tests

Run the tests using tox, which will also install JSDoc and TypeDoc at pinned versions:

pip install tox
tox

Version History

3.2.2: (September 20th, 2023)

• Remove Sphinx upper-bound requirement. (#227)

• Drop support for Python 3.7. (#228)

Thank you to Will Kahn-Greene!

3.2.1: (December 16th, 2022)

• Fix xrefs to static functions. (#178)

• Add support for jsdoc 4.0.0. (#215)

Thank you to xsjad0 and Will Kahn-Greene!

3.2.0: (December 13th, 2022)

• Add “static” in front of static methods.

• Pin Jinja2 and markupsafe versions. (#190)

• Track dependencies; do not read all documents. This improves speed of incremental updates. (#194)

• Support Python 3.10 and 3.11. (#186)

• Support Sphinx >= 4.1.0. (#209)

• Fix types warning for js_source_path configuration item. (#182)

Thank you Stefan ‘hr’ Berder, David Huggins-Daines, Nick Alexander, mariusschenzle, Erik Rose, lonnen, and Will Kahn-Greene!

3.1.2: (April 15th, 2021)

• Remove our declared dependency on docutils to work around the way pip’s greedy dependency resolver reacts to the latest version of Sphinx. pip fails when pip-installing sphinx-js because pip sees our “any version of docutils” declaration first (which resolves greedily to the latest version, 0.17) but later encounters Sphinx’s apparently new <0.17 constraint and gives up. We can revert this when pip’s --use-feature=2020-resolver becomes the default.

3.1.1: (March 23rd, 2021)

• Rewrite large parts of the suffix tree that powers path lookup. This fixes several crashers.

3.1: (September 10th, 2020)

• Re-architect language analysis. There is now a well-documented intermediate representation between JSDoc- and TypeDoc-emitted JSON and the renderers. This should make it much faster to merge PRs.

• Rewrite much of the TypeScript analysis engine so it feeds into the new IR.

  • TypeScript analysis used to crash if your codebase contained any overloaded functions. This no longer happens; we now arbitrarily use only the first function signature of each overloaded function.

  • Add support for static properties on TS classes.

  • Support variadic args in TS.

  • Support intersection types (foo & bar) in TS.

  • Remove the “exported from” module links from classes and interfaces. Functions never had them. Let’s see if we miss them.

  • Pathnames for TypeScript objects no longer spuriously use ~ after the filename path segment; now they use . as in JS.

  • More generally, TS pathnames are now just like JS ones. There is no more external: prefix in front of filenames or module: in front of namespace names.

  • TS analyzer no longer cares with the current working directory is.

  • Tests now assert only what they care about rather than being brittle to the point of prohibiting any change.

• No longer show args in the arg list that are utterly uninformative, lacking both description and type info.

• Class attributes are now listed before methods unless manally ordered with :members:.

3.0.1: (August 10th, 2020)

• Don’t crash when encountering a ../ prefix on an object path. This can happen behind the scenes when root_for_relative_js_paths is set inward of the JS code.

3.0: (July 14th, 2020)

• Make compatible with Sphinx 3, which requires Python 3.

• Drop support for Python 2.

• Make sphinx-js not care what the current working directory is, except for the TypeScript analyzer, which needs further work.

• Properly RST-escape return types.

2.8: (September 16th, 2019)

• Display generic TypeScript types properly. Make fields come before methods. (Paul Grau)

• Combine constructor and class documentation at the top TypeScript classes. (Sebastian Weigand)

• Switch to pytest as the testrunner. (Sebastian Weigand)

• Add optional caching of JSDoc output, for large codebases. (Patrick Browne)

• Fix the display of union types in TypeScript. (Sebastian Weigand)

• Fix parsing breakage that began in typedoc 0.14.0. (Paul Grau)

• Fix a data-intake crash with TypeScript. (Cristiano Santos)

2.7.1: (November 16th, 2018)

• Fix a crash that would happen sometimes with UTF-8 on Windows. #67.

• Always use conf.py’s dir for JSDoc’s working dir. #78. (Thomas Khyn)

2.7: (August 2nd, 2018))

• Add experimental TypeScript support. (Wim Yedema)

2.6: (July 26th, 2018)

• Add support for @deprecated and @see. (David Li)

• Notice and document JS variadic params nicely. (David Li)

• Add linter to codebase.

2.5: (April 20th, 2018)

• Use documented @params to help fill out the formal param list for a function. This keeps us from missing params that use destructuring. (flozz)

• Improve error reporting when JSDoc is missing.

• Add extracted default values to generated formal param lists. (flozz and erikrose)

2.4: (March 21, 2018)

• Support the @example tag. (lidavidm)

• Work under Windows. Before, we could hardly find any documentation. (flozz)

• Properly unwrap multiple-line JSDoc tags, even if they have Windows line endings. (Wim Yedema)

• Drop support for Python 3.3, since Sphinx has also done so.

• Fix build-time crash when using recommonmark (for Markdown support) under Sphinx >=1.7.1. (jamrizzi)

2.3.1: (January 11th, 2018)

• Find the jsdoc command on Windows, where it has a different name. Then patch up process communication so it doesn’t hang.

2.3: (November 1st, 2017)

• Add the ability to say “*” within the autoclass :members: option, meaning “and all the members that I didn’t explicitly list”.

2.2: (October 10th, 2017)

• Add autofunction support for @callback tags. (krassowski)

• Add experimental autofunction support for @typedef tags. (krassowski)

• Add a nice error message for when JSDoc can’t find any JS files.

• Pin six more tightly so python_2_unicode_compatible is sure to be around.

2.1: (August 30th, 2017)

• Allow multiple folders in js_source_path. This is useful for gradually migrating large projects, one folder at a time, to JSDoc. Introduce root_for_relative_js_paths to keep relative paths unambiguous in the face of multiple source paths.

• Aggregate PathTaken errors, and report them all at once. This means you don’t have to run JSDoc repeatedly while cleaning up large projects.

• Fix a bytes-vs-strings issue that crashed on versions of Python 3 before 3.6. (jhkennedy)

• Tolerate JS files that have filename extensions other than “.js”. Before, when combined with custom JSDoc configuration that ingested such files, incorrect object pathnames were generated, which led to spurious “No JSDoc documentation was found for object …” errors.

2.0.1: (July 13th, 2017)

• Fix spurious syntax errors while loading large JSDoc output by writing it to a temp file first. (jhkennedy)

2.0: (May 4th, 2017)

• Deal with ambiguous object paths. Symbols with identical JSDoc longnames (such as two top-level things called “foo” in different files) will no longer have one shadow the other. Introduce an unambiguous path convention for referring to objects. Add a real parser to parse them rather than the dirty tricks we were using before. Backward compatibility breaks a little, because ambiguous references are now a fatal error, rather than quietly referring to the last definition JSDoc happened to encounter.

• Index everything into a suffix tree so you can use any unique path suffix to refer to an object.

• Other fallout of having a real parser:

  • Stop supporting “-” as a namepath separator.

  • No longer spuriously translate escaped separators in namepaths into dots.

  • Otherwise treat paths and escapes properly. For example, we can now handle symbols that contain “(“.

• Fix KeyError when trying to gather the constructor params of a plain old object labeled as a @class.

1.5.2: (March 22th, 2017)

• Fix crasher while warning that a specified longname isn’t found.

1.5.1: (March 20th, 2017)

• Sort :members: alphabetically when an order is not explicitly specified.

1.5: (March 17th, 2017)

• Add :members: option to autoclass.

• Add :private-members: and :exclude-members: options to go with it.

• Significantly refactor to allow directive classes to talk to each other.

1.4: (March 10th, 2017)

• Add jsdoc_config_path option.

1.3.1: (March 6th, 2017)

• Tolerate @args and other info field lines that are wrapped in the source code.

• Cite the file and line of the source comment in Sphinx-emitted warnings and errors.

1.3: (February 21st, 2017)

• Add autoattribute directive.

1.2: (February 14th, 2017)

• Always do full rebuilds; don’t leave pages stale when JS code has changed but the RSTs have not.

• Make Python-3-compatible.

• Add basic autoclass directive.

1.1: (February 13th, 2017)

• Add :short-name: option.

1.0: (February 7th, 2017)

• Initial release, with just js:autofunction