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pycomposer is Python library for Algorithmic Composition or Automatic Composition by Reinforcement Learning such as Q-Learning and Recurrent Temporal Restricted Boltzmann Machine(RTRBM).

Project description

pycomposer is Python library for Algorithmic Composition or Automatic Composition by Reinforcement Learning such as Q-Learning and Recurrent Temporal Restricted Boltzmann Machine(RTRBM).

This is BETA version.

Description

pycomposer is Python library for Algorithmic Composition or Automatic Composition by Reinforcement Learning such as Q-Learning and Recurrent Temporal Restricted Boltzmann Machine(RTRBM). Q-Learning and RTRBM in this library allows you to extract the melody information about a MIDI tracks and these models can learn and inference patterns of the melody. And This library has wrapper class for converting melody data inferenced by Q-Learning and RTRBM into MIDI file.

Reinforcement Learning such as Q-Learning

Q-Learning is a kind of Temporal Difference learning(TD Learning) that can be considered as hybrid of Monte Carlo method and Dynamic Programming Method. As Monte Carlo method, TD Learning algorithm can learn by experience without model of environment. And this learning algorithm is functionally equivalent of bootstrap method as Dynamic Programming Method.

Epsilon Greedy Q-Leanring algorithm is off-policy. In this paradigm, stochastic searching and deterministic searching can coexist by hyperparameter ε (0 < ε < 1) that is probability that agent searches greedy. Greedy searching is deterministic in the sense that policy of agent follows the selection that maximizes the Q-Value.

In this library, this Q-Learning algorithm is implemented based on my pyqlearning that can offer a broad range of concrete functions. For instance, adjustment and tuning of temperament or so-called Musical temperament such as Equal temperament, Meantone temperament, and 12 temperament can be easy-to-follow example as usecase. These temperament is the provision of the relative relationship of the pitches used for music. Although pure temperament frequency ratio corresponds to the ratio of whole numbers and then we can discretely distinguish between Consonance and Dissonance, but considering many variable parts, in engineering, that ratio should be measured as continuous and quantitative degree of consonance.

In relation to reinforcement learning theory, this degree of consonance can be considered as Q-Value. The state-action value function Q(state, action) can be defined as Q(last sound, current sound) that returns the degree of consonance of last sound as state and current sound as action. In other words, this Q-Learning agent searches for the Combinatorial Optimization of two sounds. However, more strictly, the main function of Q-Learning in this library is not selecting only optimal solution but scoring the degrees based on the relative evaluation.

Recurrent Temporal Restricted Boltzmann Machine(RTRBM)

As illustrated in my pydbm, Recurrent Temporal Restricted Boltzmann Machine(RTRBM) is a probabilistic time-series model which can be viewed as a temporal stack of RBMs, where each RBM has a contextual hidden state that is received from the previous RBM and is used to modulate its hidden units bias. Then this model can learn dependency structures in temporal patterns such as music, natural sentences, and n-gram.

As concrete usecase of Algorithmic Composition, RTRBM can be considered as generative model to learn probability distribution of tone row, pitch classes, or time-series pattern of sounds. The function of RTRBM model is inferencing a linear succession of musical tones that the listener perceives as a single entity.

Documentation

Full documentation is available on https://code.accel-brain.com/Algorithmic-Composition/ . This document contains information on functionally reusability, functional scalability and functional extensibility.

Installation

Install using pip:

pip install pycomposer

Source code

The source code is currently hosted on GitHub.

Python package index(PyPI)

Installers for the latest released version are available at the Python package index.

Dependencies

  • numpy: v1.13.3 or higher.

  • pandas: v0.22.0 or higher.

  • pretty_midi: latest.

  • pyqlearning

  • pydbm

Demonstration

Import Python modules.

import numpy as np
from pycomposer.composition_controler import CompositionControler
from pycomposer.inferablepitch.rtrbm_inferer import RTRBMInferer
from pycomposer.midi_vectorlizer import MidiVectorlizer

Extract and convert MIDI file into pd.DataFrame.

midi_vectorlizer = MidiVectorlizer()
tone_df = midi_vectorlizer.extract("path/to/your/midi/file.mid")

Instantiate Q-Learning and setup hyper-parameters. r_dict is the dict of reward values. The key of r_dict is to the value what the frequency ratio is to Q-Value.

# Reward value.
r_dict = {
    (1, 1): 5.0,
    (15, 16): 0.0,
    (8, 9): 0.0,
    (5, 6): 0.5,
    (4, 5): 0.5,
    (2, 1): 5.0,
    (32, 45): 0.0,
    (2, 3): 5.0,
    (5, 8): 0.5,
    (3, 5): 0.5,
    (9, 16): 0.0,
    (8, 15): 0.0,
    (1, 2): 5.0
}

# The object of Q-Learning.
inferable_consonance = QConsonance()
# ε-Greedy rate.
inferable_consonance.epsilon_greedy_rate = 0.9
# Alpha value.
inferable_consonance.alpha_value = 0.6
# Gamma value.
inferable_consonance.gamma_value = 0.7
# Initialize.
inferable_consonance.initialize(r_dict=r_dict, tone_df=tone_df)
# Searching and learning.
for pitch in tone_df.pitch.values.tolist():
    # The parameter of `limit` is Number of learning.
    inferable_consonance.learn(state_key=pitch, limit=200)

Instantiate RTRBM and setup hyper-parameters.

inferable_pitch = RTRBMInferer(
    learning_rate=0.00001,         # Learning rate.
    hidden_n=100,                  # The number of units in hidden layer.
    hidden_binary_flag=True,       # The activation is binary or not.
    inferancing_training_count=1,  # Training count in inferancing.
    r_batch_size=200               # The batch size in inferancing.
)
inferable_pitch.learn(
    tone_df=tone_df,               # Learned data.
    training_count=1,              # Training count in learning.
    batch_size=200                 # The batch size in learning.
)

Instantiate CompositionControler as follow.

# The conctorler of `inferable_consonance` and `inferable_pitch`
composition_controler = CompositionControler(
    resolution=960,
    initial_tempo=120
)

Create chord progression. The parameter of octave is octave (-1 - 9). The options of first_chord are I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII. total_measure_n is the length of measure.

chord_list = composition_controler.create_chord_list(
    octave=5,
    first_chord="IV",
    total_measure_n=40
)

Compose chord progression.

composition_controler.compose_chord(
    chord_list,                      # The list of `np.ndarray` that contains the string of Diatonic code.
    metronome_time=100,              # Metronome time.
    start_measure_n=0,               # The timing of the beginning of the measure.
    measure_n=8,                     # The number of measures.
    beat_n=8,                        # The number of beats.
    chord_instrument_num=34,         # MIDI program number (instrument index), in [0, 127].
    chord_velocity_range=(90, 95)    # The tuple of chord velocity in MIDI.
)

And compose melody.

composition_controler.compose_melody(
    inferable_pitch,
    inferable_consonance,
    chord_list,
    total_measure_n=40,
    measure_n=8,
    start_measure_n=0,
    beat_n=8,
    metronome_time=100,
    melody_instrument_num=0,            # MIDI program number (instrument index), in [0, 127].
    melody_velocity_range=(120, 127)    # The tuple of melody velocity in MIDI.
)

The form of tuple chord_velocity_range and melody_velocity_range is (low velocity, high veloicty). The value of velocity is determined by np.random.randint.

Finally, convert these inferenced data into MIDI file.

composition_controler.save("your/composed/midi/file.mid")

Author

  • chimera0(RUM)

Author URI

License

  • GNU General Public License v2.0

Project details


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